The Relative Strengths of Oxidising Agents
In this
investigation you will consider the following oxidising agents or oxidants.
Cl2 (aq), I2 (aq), Fe3+
(aq), Br2 (aq),
MnO4- (aq), S4062- (aq)
The
half equations for their action as oxidants are:
Cl2 (aq) + 2e- 2Cl-
(aq)
I2 (aq) + 2e- 2I-
(aq)
Fe3+ (aq) + e- Fe2+ (aq)
Br2 (aq) + 2e- 2Br- (aq)
MnO4- (aq)
+ 8H+ + 5e- Mn2+ (aq) + 4H2O
S4062-
(aq) +
2e- 2S2O32-
(aq)
Use these half- equations to write ionic equations for
the reactions below.
The aim of the exercise is to place the six oxidising agents in order of their oxidising power, putting the strongest first.
INSTRUCTIONS :Use about 1cm3 of each solution for each test.
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Test |
Observations, Deductions, Equations |
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1. In separate test tubes add chlorine water
to solutions of potassium bromide and potassium iodide. Then
add bromine water to potassium iodide solution. Carefully
record all changes taking place.
Identify the products by adding one cm3 of 1,1,1
trichloroethane and shaking. (In
this solvent: chlorine is pale green, bromine orange/brown and iodine violet.) Write
ionic equations for the reactions and place the halogens in order of their relative
oxidising power |
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2.
Add a little bromine water to iron(II) ions and investigate whether the iron
has been oxidised. (Iron(III)
gives a blood red colour with potassium thiocyanate solution Record
your observations and write an ionic
equation. Which
is the strongest oxidising agent bromine
or iron(II)? |
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3. Place about 0.5 cm3 of potassium
bromide in a test tube and add an equal volume of dilute sulphuric acid. Now
add a few drops of potassium manganate(VII) solution and record the
result. Identify
the coloured product using TCE. Write
a balanced ionic equation consistent with your observations. Put both these substances in order of
strength as oxidants. |
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4. Predict whether manganate(VII) will oxidise iron(II)
or whether iron(III) will oxidise manganese(II). State how you would test your results experimentally. Test your predictions. Record your result and write a balanced ionic equation. |
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5.
Add iodine solution, drop by drop to sodium thiosulphate
solution. Describe your results and
write an equation. Which is the stronger oxidant? |
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6.
Working in a fume cupboard and wearing safety
glasses, add a spatula measure of solid potassium manganate(VII) to about 1 cm3
of conc. hydrochloric acid. Identify the gas produced by (i) very carefully sniffing it and (ii)
its
effect on moist blue litmus paper. Write an ionic equation for the reaction. Which is the stronger oxidant? |
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7. Look back
over all your results and piece together the order of strength of all the
oxidants used. |
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