5.4 AMINES

General Formula R-NH₂

Derived from ammonia NH₃

Classified as 1^o, 2^o, 3^o.

1^o 2^o 3^o.

NH3 RNH₂ R₂NH R₃N

PREPARATION

1. Reduction of nitriles RCΞN

LiAlH₄

RCN + 4[H] RCH₂NH₂

2. From alkyl halides

RCl + NH₃ RNH₂ + HCl

RCl

R₂NH + HCl

RCl

R₃N + HCl

RCl

R4N⁺Cl^-

quaternary ammonium salt